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India

WaterAid/Areeb Hashmi

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About

A middle-income country with a population of over 1 billion, poverty in India is a complex issue with just under a third of the population living on less than $1 a day. Estimates suggest that 40% of the population have access to improved sanitation facilities and 44% of the population defecate in the open (WHO/UNICEF 2015).

SHARE supported a number of research projects in India, including on microfinance for sanitation, hygiene behaviour change and WASH in maternity units.

 

Resources

Assessing the Effectiveness of Improved Rural Sanitation on Diarrhoea and Intestinal Nematodes Infections
Association between unhygienic menstrual management practices and prevalence of lower reproductive tract infections: a hospital-based cross-sectional study in Odisha, India
Availability and Satisfactoriness of Latrines and Hand Washing Stations in Health Facilities, and Role in Health Seeking Behavior of Women: Evidence from Rural Pune District, India
Bacterial Recontamination After Handwashing in Rural India
Behaviour Change for WASH: Policy Brief
Child Feces Disposal Practices in Rural Orissa: A Cross Sectional Study
Communal Latrine Use - India
Comparison of Kato-Katz, Ethyl-Acetate Sedimentation, and Midi Parasep® in the Diagnosis of Hookworm, Ascaris and Trichuris infection in the context of an evaluation of rural sanitation in India
Coping Strategies to Deal with Inadequate WASH Facilities and Related Health Risks
Defecation in the Open Can Cause Psychosocial Stress, Says New Study
Development of a Multi-dimensional Scale to Assess Attitudinal Determinants of Sanitation Uptake and Use
Effect of a Behaviour Change Intervention on Handwashing with Soap in India (SuperAmma): A Cluster Randomised Trial
Effectiveness of a Rural Sanitation Programme on Diarrhoea, Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infection, and Child Malnutrition in Odisha, India: a Cluster-Randomised Trial
Emergence of Community Toilets as a Public Good
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Public Finance for Household Sanitation in the State of Bihar, India
Evaluating the Potential of Microfinance for Sanitation in India
Fear and Anger: Perceptions of Risks Related to Sexual Violence against Women Linked to Water and Sanitation in Delhi, India
Frequency and determinants of health care utilization for symptomatic reproductive tract infections in rural Indian women: A cross- sectional study
From menarche to menopause: A population-based assessment of water, sanitation, and hygiene risk factors for reproductive tract infection symptoms over life stages in rural girls and women in India
How a Lack of Safe Toilets Threatens to Increase Violence Against Women in Slums
Hygiene on maternity units: lessons from a needs assessment in Bangladesh and India
Hygiene Promotion Resource - Choose Soap
Impact of Indian Sanitation Campaign on Latrine Coverage and Use: A Cross-Sectional Study in Orissa Three Years Following Programme Implementation
Implementing Effective Hygiene Promotion: Lessons from the Process Evaluation of an Intervention to Promote Handwashing with Soap in Rural India
Improving the Performance of Communal Latrines in Achieving Safe Faeces Disposal in Urban Poverty Pockets
India WASH Summit
Laboratory Development and Field Testing of Sentinel Toys to Assess Environmental Faecal Exposure of Young Children in Rural India
Life Course Approach for Exploring the Impact of Sanitation Access and Menstrual Hygiene Management on Psychosocial Stress, Behaviour and Health among Girls and Women in Odisha
Making Sanitation Count: Developing and Testing a Device for Assessing Latrine Use in Low-Income Settings
Measuring the Safety of Excreta Disposal Behavior in India with the New Safe San Index: Reliability, Validity and Utility
Menstrual Hygiene Practices, WASH Access and the Risk of Urogenital Infection in Women from Odisha, India
Microfinance for Sanitation Policy Brief
Microfinance for Sanitation: Evaluating Experiences, Learning the Lessons
Neighbour-Shared Versus Communal Latrines in Urban Slums: a Cross-Sectional Study in Orissa, India Exploring Household Demographics, Accessibility, Privacy, Use and Cleanliness
No Relief
Patterns and Determinants of Communal Latrine Usage in Urban Poverty Pockets in Bhopal, India
Processes and challenges of community mobilisation for latrine promotion under Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan in rural Odisha, India
Professor Cairncross at the STOP Stunting Conference 2014
Promoting Latrine Construction and Use in Rural Villages Practising Open Defecation: Process Evaluation in Connection with a Randomised Controlled Trial in Orissa, India
Psychosocial Stress Associated with Sanitation Practices: Experiences of Women in a Rural Community in India
Regional Perspective-Building Workshop on WASH for Media
Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes among Women Practicing Poor Sanitation in Rural India: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study
Sanitation and Women in India - Reflections from Delhi
Sanitation Related Psychosocial Stress: A Grounded Theory Study of Women Across the Life Course in Odisha, India
Sanitation Vulnerabilities: Women's Stresses and Struggles for Violence-Free Sanitation
Sanitation Vulnerability
Sanitation Vulnerability: Women’s Stress and Struggles for Violence-Free Sanitation
Sanitation, Stress and Life Stage: A Systematic Data Collection Study among Women in Odisha, India
SHARE Research in India
Small-Scale Finance for Water and Sanitation
Social and Psychological Impact of Limited Access to Sanitation
Social and Psychological Impact of Limited Access to Sanitation: MHM and Reproductive Tract Infections
Socio-Cultural and Behavioural Factors Constraining Latrine Adoption in Rural Coastal Odisha: An Exploratory Qualitative Study
Synthesis: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Public Finance for Household Sanitation
Testing Alternative ‘Best Practice’ Handwashing Interventions
The 20-Year Sanitation Partnership of Mumbai and the Indian Alliance
The Effect of Improved Rural Sanitation on Diarrhoea and Helminth Infection: Design of a Cluster Randomized Trial in Orissa, India
The Impact of Poor Sanitation on Nutrition
The Uneven Progress of Sanitation in India
Understanding Gendered Sanitation Vulnerabilities: A Study in Uttar Pradesh
WASH & Clean on the Labour Ward
WASH & CLEAN on the Labour Ward: a Situational Analysis in India & Bangladesh
WASH & CLEAN Toolkit
WASH & CLEAN: A Situational Analysis on Hygiene on Maternity Wards in India and Bangladesh
WASH and Maternal and Newborn Health: Time to Act
WASH and Women: A Story of Change
Women's role in sanitation decision making in rural coastal Odisha, India
Women, WASH and Health in Rural Pune
Women, WASH and Health in Rural Pune
Women, WASH and Health in Rural Pune District
Women, WASH and Health in Rural Pune District: Identifying Stress and Unmet Needs

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SHARE contributes to achieving universal access to effective, sustainable and equitable sanitation and hygiene by generating evidence to improve policy and practice worldwide.